Physiological Disorders of Mango : Spongy Tissue in mangoes

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Spongy Tissue, also commonly referred to as jelly seed or soft nose in mangoes, is a physiological disorder that affects the texture and quality of the fruit. This disorder is characterized by the development of soft, translucent, and jelly-like tissue around the seed or stone within the mango fruit. 

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Some key factors that can contribute to the development of spongy tissue in mangoes:

1. Genetics: Some mango varieties are more prone to spongy tissue than others due to genetic factors. Certain mango cultivars are inherently more susceptible to developing this disorder.
2. Temperature Fluctuations: Temperature fluctuations during the fruit's development and ripening stages can contribute to spongy tissue. Sudden shifts in temperature, especially high temperatures during fruit development, can increase the likelihood of this disorder.
3. Calcium Deficiencies: Insufficient calcium uptake by the fruit during its growth can lead to spongy tissue. Calcium plays a vital role in maintaining the structural integrity of plant cell walls, and a deficiency can result in softening and cell breakdown.
4. Nutrient Imbalances: Imbalances in other essential nutrients, such as potassium and magnesium, can also contribute to spongy tissue development.
5. Environmental Stress: Environmental stress factors like drought or waterlogging can affect the mango tree's ability to absorb and transport nutrients, including calcium, to the developing fruit.
6. Injury or Physical Damage: Mechanical injury or physical damage to the fruit during growth or handling can create entry points for microorganisms, potentially leading to spongy tissue.

To mitigate spongy tissue in mangoes, farmers and orchard managers can take several measures:

• Variety Selection: Choosing mango varieties that are less prone to spongy tissue can be an effective strategy.
• Proper Nutrition: Ensuring that mango trees receive adequate and balanced nutrition, including calcium, can help prevent nutrient deficiencies.
• Environmental Management: Maintaining consistent and appropriate environmental conditions, including temperature and moisture levels, can reduce the risk of spongy tissue.
• Gentle Handling: Careful handling during harvesting and post-harvest processes is essential to avoid physical damage that could lead to this disorder.
• Timely Harvest: Harvesting mangoes at the right maturity stage and handling them with care can reduce the risk of spongy tissue development during ripening.

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